On the Path to a Greener Prairie

Runners, walkers, and bicyclists enjoying the Illinois Prairie Path near Chicago can breathe a little easier as they pass one stop along the 55-mile recreational trail-Reed-Keppler Park. For more than 40 years, an 11-acre site in the 100-acre park served as a landfill for thorium mill tailings from the Kerr-McGee Rare Earths Facility, and was a health and environmental threat to the 15,000 residents who live within 3 miles of the park. Today, residents using the Illinois Prairie Path or relaxing in the park can enjoy softball fields, a swimming pool, soccer fields, a skateboarding area, tennis courts, and picnic pavilions surrounded by grassy fields and shady oak trees.

After the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA)
made cleaning up the park a priority, the Agency worked closely with the
potentially responsible party-the Kerr-McGee Chemical Corporation-as well as the
Illinois Environmental Protection Agency, the city of West Chicago, the West
Chicago Park District, and community residents to remove all contamination and
restore the site back to its natural state.

Kerr-McGee Reed-Keppler Park Site

For 42 years, from 1931 to 1973, the Kerr-McGee Rare
Earths Facility in West Chicago, Illinois, extracted radioactive thorium and
other elements (both radioactive and non-radioactive) from monazite and other
ores, as well as produced gaslight mantles, mesothorium, and hydrofluoric acid.
However, thorium mill tailings, which are the waste materials from the
facility's operations, were used as fill and disposed of in four sites, one of
which is the grounds of Reed-Keppler Park in West Chicago. An 11-acre former
sand and gravel quarry in the park was used as a landfill for the mill tailings
for many years and became heavily polluted.

Excessive levels of contamination were found at
Reed-Keppler Park in 1976. In 1990, the EPA added the park to Superfund's
National Priority List. In 1993, EPA began an investigation to learn the scope
of the contamination. Using the results of the investigation, EPA decided that
contamination posed a major risk and issued a time-critical action memorandum,
which implemented an expedited plan to excavate and dispose of the radioactive
wastes off-site.

Planting the Seeds of Cooperation

Shortly after issuing the action memorandum, EPA
issued a Unilateral Administrative Order to Kerr-McGee Chemical Corporation and
the city of West Chicago to carry out the longer-term cleanup effort. The work
began in 1997, with Kerr-McGee agreeing to excavate contaminated material at the
site. More than 114,600 cubic yards of contaminated soil was excavated and
transported to a disposal facility.

During the cleanup, Kerr-McGee built new
parking areas and a perimeter roadway, which allowed residents to enjoy other
areas of the park without being disturbed by the cleanup work. The company,
working with the city of West Chicago and the West Chicago Park District, also
provided backfilling and grading of the excavated parts of the site. In
addition, Kerr-McGhee relocated some utilities, replaced some groundwater
monitoring wells, and reseeded and landscaped the site so park visitors could
enjoy the grounds again.

Residents were closely involved with the
effort as well. They formed the Thorium Action Group and attended the
intergovernmental forums that were held about every six weeks, attended by West
Chicago aldermen, the West Chicago Park District, Illinois EPA, U.S. EPA, and
Kerr-McGee. Cleanup and restoration of the area was officially completed in
November 2000, at a cost of $33 million. The close cooperation between all
parties led to the removal of hazardous materials in a popular community park,
and ensured that the park will continue to be a popular stop along the Illinois
Prairie Path.